Negotiable Instrument Act 1881

Negotiable instrument act 1881
Types of negotiable instrument:-
Sec.13 of the Negotiable Instrument Act states “A negotiable instrument means a promissory note, bill of exchange or a cheque payable either to order or to bearer”.
1) Promissory Note:- Sec. 4 of the act “A promissory note is an instrument in writing containing an unconditional undertaking, signed by the maker, to buy a certain sum of money to , or to the order of a certain person”.
* Parties to a promissory note:-
1. Maker
2. Payee - in whose favour the promissory note is made.
2) Bills of exchange:- “A bill of exchange is an instrument in writing, containing an unconditional order signed by the maker directing a certain person to pay a certain sum of money only to, or to the order of , a certain person or to the bearer of instrument.
*Parties to the BOE :-
a) Drawer
b) Drawee
c) Payee
* Types of bills :-
a. Inland bill
b. Foreign bill
c. Accommodation bill
d. Inchoate bill
e. Undated bill
f. Ambiguous bill
g. Fictitious bill
h. Documentary bill
i. Banker’s draft
3) Cheque:- sec.6 “A cheque is a bill of exchange drawn on a specified banker and not expressed to be payable otherwise than on demand “.
A cheque is an unconditional order in writing drawn by a customer on his bank, requesting the specify bank to pay on demand a certain sum of money to a person named in the cheque or to the bearer or to the order of a stated person.
Mr R Saharan
Miss S Singh
9468327678
The Scholar 

Higher education NIRF Ranking 2019

President Ram Nath Kovind announced National Institutional Rankings 2019 initiated by the Ministry of Human Resource Development on 8th April 2019. Miranda House ranked 1 for the third time in a row in the best colleges of India category with a score of 73.72.

In top 10 college 6 from Delhi and in out of 25 top college 15 is from Delhi.

1.Overall Ranking

Top 3 institutes

1. IIT-MUMBAI 

2. IIS-Bangalore 

3. IIT-Delhi 

2. University Ranking

Top 3 University in India 

1. IIS-BANGALORE 

2. JNU-Delhi 

3. BHU-Varanasi

Haryana

63. CCHAU-HISAR 

90. MDU-Rohatk 

98. KUK-Kurukshetra 

3. College Ranking

Top college in India 

1. Miranda House-Delhi 

2. Hindu college-Delhi

3. Presidency College-Kolkata 

Mr R Saharan

UGC FIRST PAPER SPECIALIST

9468327678

The Scholar

MCQ FOR MONEY AND BANKING FOR UGC-NET

Test of Money and Banking by The Scholar Education

1. What is a Repo Rate?

 (A) It is a rate which RBI sell government securities to bank

 (B) It is a rate at which bank borrow rupees from RBI

 (C) It is a rate at which RBI allows small loans in the market

 (D) It is a rate at which is offered by banks to their most valued customers or prime customers

2. In economics it is generally believed that the main objective of a Public Sector Financial Company like bank is to:

 (A) Employ more or more people                                                           

 (B) Maximize total profits

 (C) Maximize total production                                                                   

 (D) Provide financial service to the people of the nation of its origin across the country.

3. Which of the following cannot be called as a debt Instrument as referred in financial transaction?

  (A) Certificate of Deposits                                                                          (B) Bonds

  (C) Stocks                                                                                                    (D) Commercial papers

4. The govt. formed the panel after many ex-serviceman returned their medals to protest the rejection of their ‘one rank one person’ demand. Who is heading this panel?

  (A) K.M Chandrasekhar                                                                               (B) R Balakrishanan

  (C) B S Padmanabham                                                                                  (D) T. Raja Shekhar

5. Whenever RBI does some Open Market Operation Transaction, actually it wishes to regulate which of the following?

   (A) Inflation only                                                             (B) liquidity in economy

   (C) Borrowing powers of the bank                                  (D) Flow of Foreign Direct Investment

6. Which was the first Indian Bank to introduce credit card?

   (A) State Bank of India                                                                                (B) Central Bank Of India

  (C) Union Bank of India                                                                               (D) ICICI

7. Capital Market Regulator is:

  (A) RBI                                                                                                                (B) IRDA

  (C) NSE                                                                                                                (D) SEBI

8. FDI refers to:

(A) Fixed deposit Interest                                                                (B) Fixed Deposit Investment

(C) Foreign Direct Investment                                                         (D) Future Derivative Investment

9. What is Call Money?

   (A) Money borrowed or lent money or over night

   (B) Money borrowed for more than one day but upto 3 days

   (C) Money borrowed for more than one day but upto 7 days

   (D) Money borrowed for more than one day but upto 14 days 

10. Which is the first Indian Company listed in NASDAQ?

   (A) Reliance                                                                                                     (B) TCS

   (C) HCL                                                                                                            (D) Infosys

11. SEBI has been imposed a restriction on money flow in equity through ‘P-notes’. What is the full form of ‘P-notes’?

  (A) Permanent notes                                                                                   (B) purchase notes

  (C) Participatory notes                                                                                (D) private notes

12. Which of the following is known as plastic money?

  (A) Bearer Cheque                                                                                        (B) credit card

  (C) Demand draft                                                                                          (D) gift Cheque

13. Who is known as the ‘Father of economics’?

   (A) Adam smith                                                                                             (B) Marshall

   (C) J.M. Keynes                                                                                             (D) Pareto

14. Which Sister organisation of the World Bank provides long term loans at zero interest to the poorest developing countries?

   (A) Asian Development Bank                                               (B) IMF

   (C) International Development Association                          (D) International Finance Corporation

15. When the rate of inflation increases?

    (A) Purchasing power of money is increases                                     

    (B) purchasing power of money decreases

    (C) Value of money increases                                                                  

    (D) Purchasing power of money remain unaffected

16. A centralized database with online connectivity to branches, interest as well as ATM-network which has been adopted by almost all major banks of our country is known as?

    (A) Investing Banking                                                                                   (B) Core Banking

    (C) Mobile Banking                                                                                      (D) National Banking

17. Which of the following is NOT considered a money market instrument?

    (A) Treasury Bills                                                                                      (B) Commercial Paper

    (C) Certificate of Deposit                                                                          (D) Shares and Bonds

18. Which of the following is not a banking term?

    (A) Letter of credit                                                                                     (B) MIBOR

    (C) Factoring services                                                                                (D) Entry Load

19. Which of the following organisations issue the rules of global trade?

   (A) IMF                                                                                                (B) World Trade Organisation

   (C) Foreign trade                                                                                  (D) G-20

20. One single statement that depicts the financial position of a bank and / or Business enterprise at a given point of time is called:

   (A) Statement of product detail                                                             (B) Foreign exchange

   (C) Balance Sheet                                                                                  (D) Balance Of Payments

21. one of the major challenges banking industries is facing these days is curbing deliberate efforts of some people to bring money earned through illegal activities in circulation. Which of the following act is passed to prevent this activity?

  (A) Payments & Settlements Act                                     (B) Control money supply Act

  (C) Narcotics and Psychotropic substance Act                (D) Prevention of Money laundering Act

22. Basel norms which are important regulatory stipulations are meant for which sector?

   (A) Insurance                                                                                                 (B) Banking

   (C) Micro finance                                                                                          (D) Pension funds

23. Systematic investment Plans related to:

    (A) Mutual Funds                                                                             (B) Life Insurance Companies

    (C) Commercial Bank                                                                       (D) Post Office saving schemes

24. Euro money is the official currency of?

    (A) NATO                                                                                                (B) UN

    (C) European                                                                                            (D) Germany and England

25. Whose signature appears on Indian 100 Rs. Note?

    (A) Finance Minister                                                                 (B) RBI Governor

    (C) Finance Secretary                                                                (D) Chairman, Planning Commission

26. While discussing investments there is a mention of short term government security. What is this investment?

   (A) Debenture                                                                                               (B) Mutual fund

   (C) Treasury Bill                                                                                           (D) Share

27. NBFCs are an important part of the Indian Financial System. What is meant by this term?

   (A) New Banking Financial Companies                              (B) Non-Banking Financial Companies

   (C) Neo Banking Financial Confederation                          (D) Non-banking Fiscal Companies

28. RBI stipulates a healthy mix of CASA in the business figures of banks. What is CASA?

   (A) Customer Analysis and Saving Pattern           (B) Cost Appreciation and selling Analysis

   (C) Current Account And saving Account             (D) Credit and saving Aggregate

29. The rate at which the domestic currency can be converted into foreign currency and vice-versa is known as the

   (A) Exchange rate                                                                                         (B) MIBOR

   (C) LIBOR                                                                                                    (D) Base Rate

30. Electronic Clearing Service in Banks can be availed only by:

   (A) Individuals                                                                                              (B) Corporates

   (C) Senior Citizens                                                                                        (D) All of these

New batch for UGC-NET JUNE 2019 1st Paper and 2nd Paper

COMMERCE 2nd PAPER DATE AND OTHER FACTS

EXIM BANK-INDIA-1982
SAARC-8M-1985
ASEAN-10M-1967
EC-28M-1951-1992
NAFTA-3M-1989-1994
RBI-INDIA-1934-1949
RRB-INDIA-1976 Act-1975
NABARAD-India-1981 Act-1982
Banking Sector Reforms-M.Narasimham Committee-1997/98
New Industrial Policy- M. Narasimham Committee-1991/1993
Capital Adequacy Norms-Basel-1988-2010
E Banking-USA/UK-1988
IDBI-1964
IFCI-1948
SFCs-1951
UTI-1964
SIDBI-1989Act-1990
SEBI-1988-1992 Act
NSE-1992-1994
OTCEI-1990-1992
NASDAQ-1971
ICRA-IFCI(Promoter)-1991
CRISIL-ICICI AND UTI(Promoters)-1987
CARE-IDBI(Promoter)-1993
Competition Act-MRTP Act 1969 Replaced-2002
Consumer Protection Act-1986
Environment Protection Act-1986
L.P.G.-1991-1993
Industrial Policies

1. 1948-Industrial Resolution 
2. 1956-Industrial Resolution 
3. 1977-Statement on Industries 
4. 1980-Statement on Industries 
5. 1990-Industrial Policy Statement 
6. 1991/93-New Industrial Policy
7. 2014-Make in India

WORLD BANK GROUP 

1. IBRD-189M-1945-1947
2. IFC-184M-1956
3. IDA-173M-1960
4. ICSID-1988-Signatory and Contracting Members-162/Only Contracting Members-154/Only Signatory Members-8

IMF-189M-1944-1945

ADB-67M-1966

WTO-164M-1994-1995

GATT-1947-1948

UNCTAD-194M-1964

Mr R Saharan 

9468327678

Higher education update

UGC-NET HIGHER EDUCATION AMENDMENTS

• In last three years total no of institutions new established 

Total no. Of University- 150 ( Maximum in Gujarat-19 )

Total no. Of College- 1575 ( Maximum in UP- 626 )

• In India total No. of Central University- 48
• Total No. of National Importance Institute- 91
• NIRF RANKING 2018

Overall

Rank 01- IISc Bangalore 

Rank 02- IIT Madras 

Rank 06- JNU New Delhi 

University 

Rank 01- IISc Bangalore 

Rank 02- JNU New Delhi 

Rank 03- BHU Varanasi 

College 

Rank 01- Miranda House College New Delhi

Best wishes 

Mr R Saharan 

9468327678

Awareness about UGC-NET 1st Paper Exami

Some key points for Students of UGC-NET 1st Paper
On forth coming exam by NTA for UGC-NET We are going to provide some guide line to attempt paper special for 1st Paper.

• There are 60 minutes in which you are required to attempt your exam hence it is big deal for you that time should adjust properly now I am specifying time like this-

       10 minutes- Data Interpretation 

       10 minutes- Paragraph 

       40 minutes- all other topics one minute for each question

• First of all students should note that they attempt questions on time means do not take more and even less time like if a question in Communication taking more time and you are giving that it is harmful and on the other hand you are not trying for DI because you think it is hard to attempt for you it is also harmful so try it, many time some questions format visualise hard but they not much hard and any one can solve that.
• Attempt all questions at any cost because there is no negative marking.
• Please read questions carefully, sometime we left some master word like NOT, CORRECT, NOT CORRECT so focused on this words specifically.
• In Assertion and Reasons based question there is single trick to attempt these questions that is Firstly try to find that is assertion right or wrong if wrong than no need to check explanation of reason answer will be like-(1) A is wrong/false  and R is Right/true or (2) Both A and R are wrong or False. On the other hand if Assertion is correct than go to check that Reason is correct or not if correct than check expectation. Here it is also noted that if Reason statement are wrong than same answer will be as mentioned above.
• In Paragraph students should create their view point according Paragraph do not try to match line/s in Paragraph. There are manly  two types of questions in Paragraph one is fact based and second is philosophical. Second type of questions requires more attention while attempting answers.

Best wishes 

Mr R Saharan 

9468327678

(For more please write me in response)